法语中名词单数变复数的几中变法
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]In French, a noun is always either singular or plural. It is usually introduced by a determiner, which reflects the number of the noun.★regular plural formation
As in English, the plural is formed by adding an -s to the singular form of the noun. Note, however, that the -s is not pronounced. In spoken language, the determiner is often the only indication that a noun is singular or plural.
Tex est un tatou. Tex et Tammy sont des tatous. Tex is an armadillo. Tex and Tammy are armadillos.
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]★nouns ending in -s, -x, -z in the singular
Nouns ending in -s, -x, or -z do not change in the plural. For example:
Tex a un long nez. Les tatous ont toujours de longs nez. Tex has a long nose. Armadillos always have long noses.
Joe-Bob est un écureuil. Les écureuils adorent les noix. Joe-Bob mange au moins une noix par jour. Joe-Bob is a squirrel. Squirrels adore nuts. Joe-Bob eats at least one nut every day.
Bette est une chatte. Les chats mangent des souris. Est-ce que Bette a jamais mangé une souris? Bette is a cat. Cats eat mice. Has Bette ever eaten a mouse?
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]★nouns ending in -al, -ail, -au, -eu, -eau, -ou in the singular
Nouns ending in -al, -ail, or -au in the singular end in -aux in the plural. For example:
Edouard est un animal distingué. Corey et Fiona ne sont pas des animaux, ce sont des insectes peu sociables! Edouard is a distinguished animal. Corey et Fiona are not animals. They are unsociable insects!
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]There are a few exceptions: un bal (ball, dance), des bals; un carnaval (carnival), des carnivals; un festival (festival), des festivals; un récital (recital), des récitals.
★Nouns ending in -eu or -eau in the singular add -x in the plural. For example:
Edouard n’a pas un seul cheveu. Bien sûr, c’est un escargot! Mais Tammy a les cheveux longs. C’est une tatou extraordinaire! Edouard does not have one single hair. Of course, he’s a snail. But Tammy has long hair. She’s an extraordinary armadillo!
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]★Nouns ending in -ou end in -oux in the plural:
un bijou (jewel), des bijoux
un caillou (stone, pebble), des cailloux
un chou (cabbage), des choux
un genou (knee), des genoux
un hibou (owl), des hiboux
un pou (louse), des poux
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][color=navy][size=3]Exceptions include: un clou (nail), des clous; un sou (money), des sous; un trou (hole), des trous.
★irregular plurals
Some nouns have an alternate form in the plural:
un oeil (eye), des yeux
Madame (Madam), Mesdames
Monsieur (Sir), Messieurs
Mademoiselle (Miss), Mesdemoiselles
[/size][/color][/font][/size]
[size=9pt][font=Times New Roman][size=3][color=navy]Note that some nouns follow the regular rule of plural formation but are pronounced differently in the plural. For example, the -f is pronounced in the singular, but not in the plural. Listen:
un oeuf (egg), des oeufs
un boeuf (steer), des boeufs
un os (bone), des os[/color][/size][/font][/size]
页:
[1]